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 Teaching Thinking in the Common Core Standards

The Common Core State Standards (CCSS) that are designed with the overriding goal of preparing students to be, college and career ready in reading, writing, speaking and listening, in languages, as well as in mathematics. It is all about literacy and being literate. That means, according to the CCSS Introduction, that by the time students leave high school, they will have mastered the literacy skills they need to go forward in a college or in a career.

What has been missing in this 25-year process is a reliable resource or professional development that classroom teachers could use to sluice the verbiage of the standards for the nuggets that are key to student achievement in the classroom and beyond. In this information-rich age, the essential skill for youngsters to survive and thrive is this subtle and complex skill of critical discrimination.

After analyzing the 44,873 words in the ELA and Math CCSS we have created a list of 21 skills that are prominent in the CCSS. These skills, when taught with explicit teaching, will enable students to achieve within the CCSS and as these essential skills weave through the standards, subject-by-subject, grade-by-grade.

 

High Frequency Words: Common Core State Standards

K - 5

6 -12

ELA

MATH

ELA

MATH

Understanding

Read  

Write  

Demonstrate

Clarify

Develop

Produce

Relationships

Describe

Compare/Contrast Explain

33

28

22

19

18

18

17

16

14

13

13

Represent

Understand

Solve Recognize

Interpret

Find

Explain

Compare

Describe

Write

Identify

47

40

36

27

22

21

20

19

18

14

12

Analyze

Determine

Develop

Research        

Clarify              

Write        

Relationships         

Demonstrate         

Understanding        

Create                   

Read

73

50

41

33

32

31

30

28

27

26

26

Solve

Understand

Interpret

Relationships      

Find

Graph

Represent

Apply

Describe        

Explain      

Prove

66

54

47

45

43

39

38

34

24

23

21

Syllabus of Seven Skill Sets and High Frequency Words

Critical Thinking

Analyze (73) Evaluate (22) Problem Solve (18) Determine Point of View (15) Compare/Contrast (12) Follow (11) Sequence (9) Solve (8) Draw (7) Sort (5)

Creative Thinking

Associate, Hypothesize, Generate, Demonstrate (35) Create (26) Produce (17) Develop (41) Form (12)

Complex Thinking

Challenge (2) Clarify (32) Find Central Idea (19) Determine (50) Research (33) Interpret (6) Find Theme (8)

Comprehensive Thinking

Verify (7) Determine Relevance (2) Infer Point of View (37) Understand (27) Read/Comprehend (20) Infer (10) Recount (9) Identify (8) Decode (6) Describe (2) Retell (5) Paraphrase (2)

Collaborative Thinking

Listen to Divergent Views, Apply Conflict Resolution Skills, Discuss with Civil Discourse, Collaborate (8) Pose Questions (3)

Communicative Thinking

Use Logic, Find Relevant Evidence, Use Technology Media (8), Write (31) Organize (17) Explain (11) Develop Projects (8) See Relationships (30) Present (12)

Cognitive Transfer

Generalize, Synthesize, Apply (14), Demonstrate (28) Reflect (3) Reflection (20) Summarize (7)

Description:

Unpack the Common Core State Standards (CCSS) in a balanced way, using rich content and rigorous thinking processes. The CCSS thread the skills of literacy and reading, writing, speaking and listening through narrative and informative text.

The key to implementing the CCSS with relevancy, is to address them, with explicit teaching of the higher order thinking skills that are embedded in rich subject matter content. (ELA, Science, Math, Social Studies, History, Technology).

In this one (or two) day training, the focus is on the high frequency words, in other words, the thinking skills that students need to master.

These skills teach kids how to process, analyze, evaluate, produce and present with rich content and relevant think. With careful analysis we have broken down the CCSS to their essential sub-skills and created the Syllabus of Seven Thinking Skill Sets and 21 Explicit Thinking Skills.

The Syllabus of Seven Thinking Skill Sets:

1 - Critical Thinking - Analyze, Evaluate, Problem Solve                 

2 - Creative Thinking - Generate, Associate, Hypothesize             

3 - Complex Thinking - Clarify, Interpret, Determine                    

4 - Comprehensive Thinking - Understand, Infer, Compare                      

5 - Collaborative Thinking - Explain, Develop, Decide                   

6 - Communicative Thinking - Reason, Connect, Represent                      

7 - Cognitive Transfer of Thinking - Synthesize, Generalize, Apply                       


Participants leave with:

- Knowledge of the Common Core State Standards

- A Framework of Anchor Standards

- Syllabus of Seven Skill Sets Embedded in the CCSS

- 20 Engaging Classroom Strategies to Implement and Assess CCSS

- Explicit Instructional Methods to Teach the Skills

- Reading, Writing, Speaking, Listening Strategies for All Disciplines